/* ==========================================================================
   An Austrian Economist — Journal redesign
   Warm vintage print: cream paper, deepened gold, editorial rules.
   ========================================================================== */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }
img, svg { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
button, input, select, textarea { font: inherit; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
ul, ol { list-style: none; }

:root {
  /* Paper & ink */
  --paper:        #F0E5C6;   /* warm cream, vintage newsprint */
  --paper-2:      #E9DBB6;   /* a shade deeper — for alternates */
  --paper-edge:   #DCCBA0;   /* hairline border color */
  --ink:          #1A1612;   /* not black — a warm near-black */
  --ink-2:        #3B342B;
  --ink-3:        #6B5F4E;   /* muted for meta */
  --ink-4:        #9A8D77;   /* faint */

  /* Accent — deepened gold */
  --gold:         #A1761C;
  --gold-deep:    #7A5914;
  --gold-ink:     #4E3A0E;
  --gold-wash:    rgba(161, 118, 28, 0.10);

  /* Supporting */
  --navy:         #2A3A5E;
  --oxblood:      #6B2222;

  /* Type */
  --serif:   'Playfair Display', 'Times New Roman', Georgia, serif;
  --sans:    'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
  --mono:    'JetBrains Mono', ui-monospace, 'SF Mono', Menlo, monospace;

  /* Spacing (8px base) */
  --s1: .25rem; --s2: .5rem; --s3: .75rem; --s4: 1rem; --s5: 1.25rem;
  --s6: 1.5rem; --s8: 2rem; --s10: 2.5rem; --s12: 3rem; --s14: 3.5rem;
  --s16: 4rem; --s20: 5rem; --s24: 6rem;

  --rule: 1px solid var(--ink);
  --rule-thin: 1px solid rgba(26, 22, 18, 0.22);
  --rule-hair: 1px solid rgba(26, 22, 18, 0.12);
}

body {
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  /* subtle paper texture via layered radial noise */
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(1200px 800px at 10% 0%, rgba(161,118,28,0.04), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(900px 700px at 100% 100%, rgba(107,34,34,0.03), transparent 60%);
}

::selection { background: var(--gold); color: var(--paper); }

/* ---------- Masthead (broadsheet newspaper) ---------- */

.masthead {
  background: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: var(--rule);
  position: relative;
}
.masthead__inner {
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 32px;
}

/* Top dateline strip — like a real paper's top margin */
.masthead__topbar {
  padding: 14px 0 12px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}
.masthead__tagline {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  letter-spacing: .01em;
}
.masthead__tagline .orn {
  color: var(--gold);
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: 12px;
}

/* Big centered title block */
.masthead__title-block {
  padding: 30px 0 22px;
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
}
.masthead__eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 14px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.masthead__eyebrow .orn {
  color: var(--gold);
  margin: 0 10px;
  font-style: normal;
}
.masthead__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(40px, 6vw, 76px);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: .95;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0;
}
.masthead__title a { display: inline-block; }
.masthead__title em.amp,
.masthead__title .amp {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Byline under title — author / motto / quill */
.masthead__byline {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 18px;
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
.masthead__byline .rule-mini {
  width: 48px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .35;
}

/* Double-rule above nav — classic broadsheet divider */
.masthead__divider {
  height: 5px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  margin-top: 0;
}

.subnav {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0;
  padding: 11px 0 11px;
  position: relative;
}
.subnav a {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  letter-spacing: .24em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 4px 22px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  transition: color .2s;
  position: relative;
}
.subnav a:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.subnav a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.subnav a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--gold-deep);
}
.subnav a[aria-current="page"]::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 22px; right: 22px;
  bottom: -2px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--gold-deep);
}

.masthead__spacer { display: none; }

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .masthead__inner { padding: 0 20px; }
  .masthead__topbar { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .14em; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; justify-content: center; }
  .masthead__topbar-item:nth-child(2) { display: none; }
  .masthead__title-block { padding: 18px 0 14px; }
  .masthead__byline { font-size: 12px; gap: 10px; }
  .masthead__byline .rule-mini { width: 28px; }
  .subnav { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0; padding: 8px 0; }
  .subnav a { padding: 4px 10px; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .16em; border-right: 0; }
}

/* ---------- Shell ---------- */

.wrap {
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
}
.wrap--reading { max-width: 720px; }
.wrap--medium  { max-width: 960px; }

.rule       { height: 0; border: 0; border-top: var(--rule); margin: 0; }
.rule--hair { border-top: var(--rule-hair); }
.rule--double {
  height: 5px; border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}
.rule--gold { border: 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--gold); width: 64px; }

.smallcaps {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

.kicker {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
}

.folio {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

/* ---------- Front page hero ---------- */

.front {
  padding: 56px 0 48px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.front__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1px 1fr;
  gap: 56px;
}
.front__grid > .divider {
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .18;
  width: 1px;
}

/* ---------- Quote carousel (elegant, inline) ---------- */
.quote-carousel {
  position: relative;
}
.quote-carousel__viewport {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 240px;
}
.frontpage .quote-slide .mark { margin: 0 auto 14px; text-align: center; }
.frontpage .quote-slide blockquote {
  font-size: clamp(24px, 2.4vw, 34px);
  line-height: 1.3;
  max-width: 28ch;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.frontpage .quote-slide cite {
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
}
.frontpage .quote-dots { justify-content: center; }
.quote-slide {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(6px);
  transition: opacity .7s ease, transform .7s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.quote-slide.is-active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
  pointer-events: auto;
  position: relative;
}
.quote-slide .mark {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 56px;
  line-height: .4;
  color: var(--gold);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.quote-slide blockquote {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.2vw, 28px);
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
.quote-slide cite {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  font-style: normal;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.quote-dots {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 22px;
  align-items: center;
}
.quote-dots button {
  width: 28px; height: 2px;
  background: rgba(26,22,18,0.2);
  border: 0; padding: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background .2s, width .2s;
}
.quote-dots button:hover { background: var(--ink-3); }
.quote-dots button[aria-selected="true"] {
  background: var(--gold);
  width: 48px;
}

.lede__kicker { margin-bottom: 14px; }
.lede__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 5.4vw, 68px);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.lede__title em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 400; }
.lede__deck {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.7vw, 22px);
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  max-width: 56ch;
}
.lede__byline {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.lede__byline .dot { color: var(--ink-4); }
.lede__cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 10px 0 6px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  transition: color .15s, border-color .15s, gap .15s;
}
.lede__cta:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold); gap: 14px; }

/* Front-page aside (issue meta / related) */
.aside {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 20px;
}
.aside__head {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.aside__item {
  padding-bottom: 18px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.aside__item:last-of-type { border-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
.aside__item h4 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.aside__item h4 a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.aside__item p {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .front__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .front__grid > .divider { display: none; }
  .aside { border-top: var(--rule-thin); padding-top: 24px; }
}

/* ---------- Section blocks ---------- */

.section {
  padding: 40px 0 48px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.section--tight { padding: 40px 0; }

.section__head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.section__head h2 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 36px);
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.section__head h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 400; }
.section__head .rule { align-self: center; border-top: var(--rule-thin); }
.section__head .link {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink-2);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: color .15s, border-color .15s;
}
.section__head .link:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold); }

/* ---------- Essay cards (editorial columns) ---------- */

.essays {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
  border-top: var(--rule);
  border-bottom: var(--rule);
}
.essays .col {
  padding: 28px 24px 32px;
  border-right: var(--rule-hair);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100%;
}
.essays .col:last-child { border-right: 0; }

.essay__folio {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.essay__folio .tag { color: var(--gold-deep); }

.essay__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 1.7vw, 28px);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.essay__title a { transition: color .15s; }
.essay__title a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }

.essay__deck {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.45;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  flex: 1;
}

.essay__meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  padding-top: 12px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
}
.essay__meta .sep { color: var(--ink-4); }

@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .essays { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .essays .col:nth-child(2) { border-right: 0; }
  .essays .col:nth-child(3) { grid-column: 1 / -1; border-top: var(--rule-hair); border-right: 0; }
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .essays { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .essays .col { border-right: 0; border-bottom: var(--rule-hair); }
  .essays .col:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
}

/* ---------- Essay index (full list) ---------- */

.index {
  border-top: var(--rule);
}
.index__row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr 280px;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 28px 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  align-items: baseline;
  transition: background .15s;
}
.index__row:hover { background: rgba(161, 118, 28, 0.05); }
.index__num {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}
.index__num b { color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 500; }
.index__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2vw, 28px);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.index__title a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.index__deck {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.5;
  max-width: 65ch;
}
.index__meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  text-align: right;
  line-height: 1.8;
}
.index__meta .tag-list { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 4px; }
.index__meta .tag-list span {
  border: 1px solid var(--ink-4);
  padding: 2px 8px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

@media (max-width: 840px) {
  .index__row { grid-template-columns: 60px 1fr; gap: 16px; }
  .index__meta { grid-column: 1 / -1; text-align: left; margin-top: 8px; }
  .index__meta .tag-list { justify-content: flex-start; }
}

/* ---------- Filter bar ---------- */

.filters {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 18px 0 14px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
}
.filters__label {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-right: 8px;
}
.chip {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink-4);
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all .15s;
}
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--ink); }
.chip[aria-pressed="true"] {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  border-color: var(--ink);
}

/* ---------- Featured app (editorial ad block) ---------- */

.featured {
  background: var(--paper-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  min-height: 220px;
}
.featured__body {
  padding: 40px 40px 36px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border-right: var(--rule-hair);
}
.featured__kicker { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.featured__name {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(26px, 2.2vw, 34px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.05;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.featured__desc {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 17px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.5;
  max-width: 48ch;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.featured__visual {
  padding: 36px 40px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  background:
    repeating-linear-gradient(
      0deg,
      transparent 0,
      transparent 22px,
      rgba(26, 22, 18, 0.06) 22px,
      rgba(26, 22, 18, 0.06) 23px
    );
}
.featured__figure {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(42px, 5vw, 72px);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1;
}
.featured__figure-caption {
  max-width: 28ch;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
.featured__table {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto;
  gap: 4px 14px;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-size: 11px;
}
.featured__table dt { color: var(--ink-4); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .16em; }
.featured__table dd { color: var(--ink); text-align: right; }

/* ---------- Hero band (standout) ---------- */
.hero-band {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: var(--rule);
  padding: 0;
}
.front--hero { padding: 44px 0 52px; border-bottom: 0; }

/* ---------- Front-page feature (grand centerpiece) ---------- */
.frontpage-feature {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 24px 0 32px;
  position: relative;
}

.ffeat__kicker {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.ffeat__folio {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.ffeat__slug {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  letter-spacing: .02em;
}
.ffeat__rule {
  flex: 0 0 60px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .3;
}

.ffeat__overhead {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.6vw, 22px);
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.ffeat__overhead em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
}

.frontpage-feature .quote-carousel__viewport {
  min-height: 300px;
}
.ffeat__drop {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 110px;
  line-height: .7;
  color: var(--gold);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  opacity: .9;
  height: 54px;
}
.ffeat__quote {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3.4vw, 46px);
  line-height: 1.24;
  color: var(--ink);
  max-width: 24ch;
  margin: 0 auto 32px;
  text-wrap: balance;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.ffeat__attrib {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.ffeat__attrib cite {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.ffeat__attrib cite i {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  text-transform: none;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}
.ffeat__attrib-line {
  flex: 0 0 40px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--gold);
  opacity: .55;
}

.frontpage-feature .quote-dots {
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 36px;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .ffeat__kicker { gap: 8px; }
  .ffeat__rule { flex: 0 1 30px; }
  .ffeat__drop { font-size: 72px; height: 38px; }
  .ffeat__quote { font-size: 24px; }
  .ffeat__attrib { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
  .ffeat__attrib-line { flex: 0 1 24px; }
}

/* Quiet featured visual */
.featured__visual--quiet {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 48px 40px;
  background: transparent;
}
.featured__quiet { text-align: center; }
.featured__quiet-label {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .28em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.featured__quiet-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3vw, 42px);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.featured__quiet-title em { color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 400; }
.featured__quiet-rule {
  width: 56px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--gold);
  margin: 22px auto;
}
.featured__quiet-sub {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
.featured__visual--simple {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 48px 40px;
}
.featured__emblem {
  text-align: center;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
  align-items: center;
}
.featured__emblem-label {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .28em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
}
.featured__emblem-mark {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(72px, 8vw, 120px);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  line-height: .9;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 40px;
}
.featured__emblem-mark::before,
.featured__emblem-mark::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: 28px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--gold);
  opacity: .55;
}
.featured__emblem-mark::before { left: 0; }
.featured__emblem-mark::after { right: 0; }
.featured__emblem-sub {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  max-width: 32ch;
}

@media (max-width: 840px) {
  .featured { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .featured__body { border-right: 0; border-bottom: var(--rule-hair); padding: 28px 24px; }
  .featured__visual { padding: 24px; }
}

/* ---------- Apps grid ---------- */

.apps {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  border-top: var(--rule);
  border-bottom: var(--rule);
}
.apps__cell {
  padding: 32px 28px;
  border-right: var(--rule-hair);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
  min-height: 220px;
}
.apps__cell:nth-child(2n) { border-right: 0; }
.apps__cell:nth-last-child(-n+2):not(:nth-child(2n-1)) { border-bottom: 0; }
.apps__cell:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.apps__head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
}
.apps__num {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  color: var(--ink-4);
}
.apps__status {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
}
.apps__status--coming { color: var(--ink-4); }
.apps__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 26px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.1;
}
.apps__desc {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.5;
  flex: 1;
}
.apps__cta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  align-self: flex-start;
  transition: all .15s;
}
.apps__cta:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold); }
.apps__cta--disabled { color: var(--ink-4); border-color: var(--ink-4); pointer-events: none; }

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .apps { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .apps__cell { border-right: 0; border-bottom: var(--rule-hair); }
  .apps__cell:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
}

/* ---------- Article page ---------- */

.article {
  padding: 40px 0 56px;
}
.article__breadcrumb {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  align-items: center;
}
.article__breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.article__breadcrumb .sep { color: var(--ink-4); }

.article__kicker {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
}
.article__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5vw, 60px);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  text-align: center;
  text-wrap: balance;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.article__deck {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.6vw, 22px);
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 60ch;
  margin: 0 auto 28px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
.article__meta {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 16px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  padding: 14px 0;
  border-top: var(--rule-thin);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-thin);
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.article__meta .sep { color: var(--ink-4); }
.article__meta .tag { color: var(--gold-deep); }

.article__body p {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
.article__body > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 78px;
  float: left;
  line-height: .85;
  padding: 4px 10px 0 0;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.article__body h2 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 30px;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin: 48px 0 20px;
  padding-top: 20px;
  border-top: var(--rule-thin);
}
.article__body h2::before {
  content: "";
  display: none;
}
.article__body blockquote {
  margin: 28px 0;
  padding: 4px 0 4px 24px;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--gold);
}
.article__body blockquote p {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.article__body blockquote cite {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
.article__body em { font-style: italic; }

.pull {
  margin: 56px auto;
  max-width: 620px;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 44px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  position: relative;
}
/* centered gold ornament on both rules — symmetric, purposeful */
.pull::before,
.pull::after {
  content: "❦";
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  color: var(--gold);
  background: var(--paper);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1;
  padding: 0 10px;
  font-style: normal;
}
.pull::before { top: 0; }
.pull::after  { top: 100%; }
.pull p {
  font-family: var(--serif) !important;
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 2.6vw, 36px) !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
  color: var(--ink) !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  text-wrap: balance;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.pull .attr {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-top: 14px;
  display: block;
}

.article__footer {
  margin-top: 56px;
  padding-top: 28px;
  border-top: var(--rule-thin);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.article__footer a {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  padding: 8px 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink-4);
  transition: all .15s;
}
.article__footer a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold); }

/* ---------- About page ---------- */

.about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
  gap: 56px;
  padding: 40px 0 48px;
}
.about-col-left {
  border-right: var(--rule-hair);
  padding-right: 40px;
}
.about-portrait {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  background:
    repeating-linear-gradient(
      45deg,
      var(--paper-2),
      var(--paper-2) 6px,
      var(--paper-edge) 6px,
      var(--paper-edge) 7px
    );
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  position: relative;
}
.about-portrait::before {
  content: "PLATE I";
  position: absolute;
  top: 12px;
  left: 16px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
.about-portrait span {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  background: var(--paper);
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
}
.about-facts {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 12px;
  border-top: var(--rule-thin);
  padding-top: 16px;
}
.about-facts dt {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
}
.about-facts dd {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.about-bio h1,
.about-intro h1 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 52px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.02;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.about-bio h1 em,
.about-intro h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 400; }
.about-bio .about-kicker,
.about-intro .about-kicker { margin-bottom: 16px; color: var(--gold-deep); }
.about-bio p {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
/* First paragraph matches the rest — uniform roman body */
.about-bio p:first-of-type { font-style: normal; color: var(--ink); }
.about-bio .sig {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 28px;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  margin-top: 24px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: var(--rule-thin);
}

@media (max-width: 840px) {
  .about-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; padding: 32px 0; }
  .about-col-left { border-right: 0; padding-right: 0; border-bottom: var(--rule-hair); padding-bottom: 32px; }
}

/* ---------- Social / footer colophon ---------- */

.colophon {
  margin-top: 40px;
  border-top: var(--rule);
  padding: 40px 0 28px;
  background: var(--paper);
}
.colophon__top {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  padding-bottom: 32px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.colophon__mast {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 28px;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.colophon__mast .amp { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold); font-weight: 400; }
.colophon__tag {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  font-size: 16px;
  max-width: 36ch;
}
.colophon h4 {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.colophon ul { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
.colophon a {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 17px;
  color: var(--ink);
  transition: color .15s;
}
.colophon a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }

.colophon__bottom {
  padding-top: 24px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.colophon__bottom a { color: var(--ink-3); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; transition: all .15s; }
.colophon__bottom a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); border-bottom-color: var(--gold); }

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .colophon__top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
}

/* ---------- Buttons ---------- */

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 14px 22px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all .15s;
}
.btn:hover { background: var(--gold-deep); border-color: var(--gold-deep); }
.btn--ghost {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.btn--ghost:hover { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }

/* ---------- Utilities ---------- */

.arrow { display: inline-block; transition: transform .15s; }
a:hover > .arrow, .lede__cta:hover .arrow, .apps__cta:hover .arrow { transform: translateX(3px); }

/* focus */
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--gold);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

/* reduced motion */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  * { transition: none !important; animation: none !important; }
}

/* ---------- Newspaper colophon footer ---------- */
.footer {
  margin-top: 64px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 4px 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  position: relative;
}
.footer::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0;
  top: 4px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .3;
}
.footer__inner {
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 28px 32px 24px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 32px;
}
.footer__copy {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  justify-self: start;
}
.footer__name {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 0 4px;
}
.footer__name em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.footer__name::before,
.footer__name::after {
  content: '❦';
  color: var(--gold);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-style: normal;
  margin: 0 12px;
  vertical-align: middle;
  opacity: .85;
}
.footer__links {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 22px;
}
.footer__link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  transition: color .2s;
}
.footer__link:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.footer__link svg { width: 13px; height: 13px; }

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .footer__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; justify-items: center; gap: 14px; text-align: center; padding: 24px 20px; }
  .footer__copy { justify-self: center; }
  .footer__links { justify-content: center; }
}

/* Front hero full-width (no sidebar) */
.front__grid--solo { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 24px 0; }
.front__grid--solo > .divider, .front__grid--solo > .aside { display: none; }
.front__grid--solo .quote-carousel__viewport { min-height: 280px; }
.front__grid--solo .quote-slide blockquote {
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 42px);
  line-height: 1.28;
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 26ch;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.front__grid--solo .quote-slide .mark { text-align: center; font-size: 72px; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.front__grid--solo .quote-slide cite { display: block; text-align: center; }
.front__grid--solo .quote-dots { justify-content: center; margin-top: 36px; }
.front__grid--solo > .quote-carousel > .kicker { text-align: center; }


/* ==========================================================================
   FRONT PAGE — v2
   Quotation plate (hero) · Broadsheet lede · Instrument strip
   ========================================================================== */

/* ---------- Section head (reused) ---------- */
.sectionhead {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-top: 48px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.sectionhead__left {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(26px, 2.6vw, 34px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.sectionhead__left em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.sectionhead__rule {
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .3;
  align-self: center;
  position: relative;
}
.sectionhead__rule::before,
.sectionhead__rule::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .3;
}
.sectionhead__rule::before { top: -4px; }
.sectionhead__rule::after  { top: 4px; }
.sectionhead__link {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: border-color .2s;
}
.sectionhead__link:hover { border-bottom-color: var(--gold); }

@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .sectionhead {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
    gap: 14px;
    margin-top: 36px;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
  }
  .sectionhead__rule {
    display: none;
  }
  .sectionhead__left {
    font-size: clamp(22px, 6vw, 28px);
  }
}

/* =========================================================================
   HERO — Quotation Plate (vintage ink block)
   ========================================================================= */
.hero-band {
  background: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  padding: 0;
}
.front--hero { padding: 28px 0 32px; max-width: none; }
.front--hero .plate { max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; }

.plate {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 12 / 5;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
  text-align: center;
  /* =====================================================================
     Vintage newsprint — warm aged cream, uneven press-ink, fiber grain
     ===================================================================== */
  background-color: #DCCD9C;
  background-image:
    /* corner toning — paper oxidises darker at edges */
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 4% 6%,  rgba(70,45,18,0.20) 0%, transparent 38%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 96% 92%, rgba(70,45,18,0.18) 0%, transparent 40%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 90% 8%, rgba(70,45,18,0.12) 0%, transparent 28%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 10% 94%, rgba(70,45,18,0.12) 0%, transparent 28%),
    /* fine paper fiber — 1400px tile so no boundary lands within the plate */
    url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='1400' height='1400' viewBox='0 0 1400 1400'><filter id='n'><feTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.85' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch' seed='9'/><feColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 0.16  0 0 0 0 0.10  0 0 0 0 0.04  0 0 0 0.26 0'/></filter><rect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/></svg>"),
    /* broader paper mottling — 2000px tile, bigger than any plate width */
    url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='2000' height='2000' viewBox='0 0 2000 2000'><filter id='b'><feTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.013' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch' seed='3'/><feColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 0.34  0 0 0 0 0.22  0 0 0 0 0.08  0 0 0 0.18 0'/></filter><rect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23b)'/></svg>"),
    /* subtle top-to-bottom warm gradient */
    linear-gradient(135deg, #E5D6A6 0%, #D5C690 100%);
  background-size: auto, auto, auto, auto, 1400px 1400px, 2000px 2000px, auto;
  background-blend-mode: multiply, multiply, multiply, multiply, normal, multiply, normal;
  color: #2A1F16;
  border: 1px solid #2A1F16;
  box-shadow:
    0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2),
    0 8px 18px rgba(20,14,6,0.18);
  overflow: hidden;
}
/* Inner gold double-hairline — decorative frame like a broadsheet rule */
.plate::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 12px; right: 12px; top: 12px; bottom: 12px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(122,89,28,0.55);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 1;
}
/* Second inside rule — doubles the frame */
.plate::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 16px; right: 16px; top: 16px; bottom: 16px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(42,31,22,0.35);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* ---------- Vintage running head — fleuron mirrors the footer ---------- */
.plate__head {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: auto;
  margin: 28px 48px 0;
  padding: 0 0 18px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(42,31,22,0.28);
}
.plate__head::before {
  content: '\2766'; /* ❦ Floral heart, mirrors footer */
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -10px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  background: #DCCD9C;
  padding: 0 10px;
  color: rgba(122,89,28,0.85);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1;
}
.plate__head-mark {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 14px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: rgba(122,89,28,0.85);
  text-transform: none;
}

.plate .quote-carousel {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 100%;
  flex: 1;
  padding: 20px 80px 36px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
}
.plate .quote-carousel__viewport {
  flex: 1;
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 0;
}
.plate .quote-carousel__viewport {
  flex: 1;
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 0;
}

.plate .quote-slide {
  padding: 0;
}
.plate .quote-slide.is-active {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}

.plate__quote {
  font-family: var(--serif) !important;
  font-style: italic !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 48px) !important;
  line-height: 1.2 !important;
  color: #2A1F16 !important;
  max-width: 28ch;
  margin: 0 auto 16px !important;
  text-wrap: balance;
  letter-spacing: -0.008em;
}
/* No generated gold quote marks — cleaner */
.plate__quote::before, .plate__quote::after { content: none; }

.plate__author {
  font-family: var(--serif) !important;
  font-style: italic !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  font-size: 17px !important;
  color: #7A591C !important;
  letter-spacing: .04em !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block !important;
  padding-top: 20px !important;
}
.plate__author::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 56px;
  height: 1px;
  background: rgba(122,89,28,0.65);
}

.plate__footer {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 10px 0 22px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(42,31,22,0.28);
  margin: 0 48px;
  gap: 8px;
}
.plate__footer::before {
  content: '\2766'; /* Floral heart ❦ */
  position: absolute;
  top: -10px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  background: #DCCD9C;
  padding: 0 10px;
  color: rgba(122,89,28,0.85);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1;
}
.plate__footer .quote-dots {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 14px;
}
.plate__footer .quote-dots button {
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid rgba(42,31,22,0.5);
  padding: 4px 13px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: rgba(42,31,22,0.7);
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  transition: all .2s;
  min-width: 36px;
}
.plate__footer .quote-dots button:hover {
  color: #2A1F16;
  border-color: #7A591C;
}
.plate__footer .quote-dots button[aria-selected="true"] {
  background: #7A591C;
  color: #ECE1C3;
  border-color: #7A591C;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  /* Drop the cinematic aspect so the quote has room to breathe on narrow screens */
  .plate {
    aspect-ratio: auto;
    min-height: 420px;
  }
  .plate__head { margin: 22px 28px 0; padding: 0 0 14px; }
  .plate__head-mark { font-size: 12px; }
  .plate__head::before { font-size: 12px; padding: 0 8px; }
  .plate .quote-carousel { padding: 24px 28px 32px; gap: 20px; }
  .plate__quote { font-size: clamp(22px, 5.2vw, 30px) !important; max-width: 22ch; line-height: 1.22 !important; }
  .plate__author { font-size: 15px !important; padding-top: 18px !important; }
  .plate__author::before { width: 48px; }
  .plate__footer { margin: 0 28px; padding: 8px 0 18px; }
  .plate__footer .quote-dots button { font-size: 12px; padding: 4px 11px; min-width: 34px; }
  .plate::before { left: 8px; right: 8px; top: 8px; bottom: 8px; }
  .plate::after  { left: 12px; right: 12px; top: 12px; bottom: 12px; }
}
@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .plate { min-height: 380px; }
  .plate__head { margin: 20px 18px 0; padding: 0 0 12px; }
  .plate__head-mark { font-size: 11px; }
  .plate .quote-carousel { padding: 20px 18px 28px; }
  .plate__quote { font-size: clamp(19px, 5.6vw, 24px) !important; max-width: 20ch; }
  .plate__footer { margin: 0 18px; }
}
@media (max-width: 340px) {
  .plate { min-height: 360px; }
  .plate__head { margin: 18px 12px 0; padding: 0 0 10px; }
  .plate__head-mark { font-size: 10px; }
  .plate .quote-carousel { padding: 16px 14px 24px; gap: 18px; }
  .plate__quote { font-size: 18px !important; max-width: 19ch; }
  .plate__footer { margin: 0 12px; }
}

/* =========================================================================
   BROADSHEET — lede + rail
   ========================================================================= */
.broadsheet {
  padding-bottom: 16px;
}
.broadsheet__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1px 1fr;
  gap: 48px;
}
.broadsheet__divider {
  width: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .22;
}

/* LEDE — the big story */
.lede {
  padding-right: 8px;
}
.lede__kicker {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.lede__category { color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 500; }
.lede__sep { color: var(--ink-4); }

.lede__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5.2vw, 68px);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.lede__title em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.lede__title a { color: inherit; transition: color .2s; }
.lede__title a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }

.lede__deck {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(17px, 1.4vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  max-width: 58ch;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.lede__body {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  max-width: 58ch;
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}
/* Drop cap on first paragraph of the lede body */
.lede__body::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 3.3em;
  line-height: .85;
  float: left;
  padding: 4px 10px 0 0;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
}

.lede__tail {
  padding-top: 12px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
  max-width: 58ch;
}
.lede__cta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gold);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}

/* RAIL — side stack */
.rail {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.rail__heading {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.rail__item {
  padding: 16px 0 20px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.rail__item:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.rail__meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.rail__meta span { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.rail__title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.rail__title em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-deep); font-weight: 400; }
.rail__title a { color: inherit; transition: color .2s; }
.rail__title a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }
.rail__deck {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .broadsheet__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
  .broadsheet__divider { display: none; }
}

/* =========================================================================
   INSTRUMENT STRIP — featured app
   ========================================================================= */
.featured-strip { padding-bottom: 32px; }
.instrument {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 48px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 36px 40px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  background:
    repeating-linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      transparent 0 10px,
      rgba(161,118,28,0.025) 10px 11px
    ),
    var(--paper);
  position: relative;
}
.instrument::before,
.instrument::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  opacity: .3;
}
.instrument::before { top: 4px; }
.instrument::after  { bottom: 4px; }

.instrument__body { max-width: 64ch; }
.instrument__kicker {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .28em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.instrument__name {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(26px, 2.8vw, 34px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.1;
}
.instrument__name em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.instrument__desc {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.instrument__cta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gold);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}

/* circular seal — Bitcoin coin medallion */
.instrument__seal {
  width: 140px;
  height: 140px;
  position: relative;
}
.instrument__coin {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  animation: sealspin 80s linear infinite;
}
/* Only the SVG rotates the text via ring; glyph stays upright */
.instrument__coin > text[text-anchor="middle"] {
  animation: sealspin-rev 80s linear infinite;
  transform-origin: 70px 70px;
}
@keyframes sealspin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
@keyframes sealspin-rev { to { transform: rotate(-360deg); } }

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .instrument { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; padding: 28px 24px; text-align: center; }
  .instrument__body { max-width: none; }
  .instrument__seal { justify-self: center; order: -1; }
}

/* =========================================================================
   Editorial polish — page-load motion, branded socials
   ========================================================================= */

@keyframes pageIn {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
@keyframes riseIn {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(14px); }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

main { animation: pageIn .55s ease-out both; }

/* Staggered rise for repeated elements — essays archive, apps grid, rail, front page blocks */
.index__row,
.apps__cell,
.rail__item,
.lede,
.broadsheet__divider,
.instrument,
.hero-band .plate,
.article__title,
.article__deck,
.article__meta,
.article__body > * {
  animation: riseIn .6s ease-out both;
}
.index__row:nth-child(1),
.apps__cell:nth-child(1),
.rail__item:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: .08s; }
.index__row:nth-child(2),
.apps__cell:nth-child(2),
.rail__item:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: .18s; }
.index__row:nth-child(3),
.rail__item:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: .28s; }
.index__row:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: .38s; }
.index__row:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: .48s; }

.lede          { animation-delay: .06s; }
.instrument    { animation-delay: .12s; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  main,
  .index__row,
  .apps__cell,
  .rail__item,
  .lede,
  .broadsheet__divider,
  .instrument,
  .hero-band .plate,
  .article__title,
  .article__deck,
  .article__meta,
  .article__body > * {
    animation: none !important;
  }
}

/* =========================================================================
   Engraved-card social links — paper + ink + gold double-rule
   ========================================================================= */
.btn-royal {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 12px 22px 12px 14px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 16px;
  letter-spacing: .005em;
  text-decoration: none;
  position: relative;
  transition: background .25s ease, color .25s ease, transform .25s ease;
}
.btn-royal::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 4px; right: 4px; top: 4px; bottom: 4px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(161,118,28,0.45);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(161,118,28,0.45);
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: border-color .25s ease;
}
.btn-royal__glyph {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gold-deep);
  color: var(--paper);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  transition: background .25s ease, color .25s ease;
}
.btn-royal__glyph svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; fill: currentColor; display: block; }
.btn-royal__label {
  line-height: 1;
  position: relative;
}
.btn-royal__label em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gold-deep);
  font-weight: 400;
  transition: color .25s ease;
}
.btn-royal:hover,
.btn-royal:focus-visible {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.btn-royal:hover::before,
.btn-royal:focus-visible::before {
  border-color: var(--gold);
}
.btn-royal:hover .btn-royal__glyph,
.btn-royal:focus-visible .btn-royal__glyph {
  background: var(--gold);
  color: var(--ink);
}
.btn-royal:hover .btn-royal__label em,
.btn-royal:focus-visible .btn-royal__label em {
  color: var(--gold);
}

/* Essays archive — small hover accent on row title */
.index__title a { position: relative; transition: color .2s; }
.index__title a:hover { color: var(--gold-deep); }